Virtual Relationships in Social MediaFlashcards - AQA Psychology

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Virtual Relationships in Social Media

A-Level AQA Psychology

This pack of flashcards covers theories and concepts related to virtual and parasocial relationships, communication strategies, and attraction models. It includes explanations of self-disclosure in online interactions, the Reduced cues theory, the Hyperpersonal model, the effects of anonymity, the concept of gating, and the dynamics of 'boom and bust' in virtual relationships. It also addresses theories on celebrity worship, such as the parasocial relationships' levels and the Absorption-addiction model, as well as insights into various attraction and relationship maintenance theories like the Halo Effect, the Matching Hypothesis, and Duck's phase model.

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"Describe the concept of self-disclosure in virtual relationships."	"Self-disclosure in virtual relationships refers to revealing personal information about oneself in relationships that take place online, such as through social media. This is a form of computer-mediated communication (CMC)."
"Define the Reduced cues theory by Sproull and Kessler (1986)."	"The Reduced cues theory suggests that computer-mediated communication (CMC) relationships are less effective than face-to-face relationships due to the absence of non-verbal communication cues such as tone of voice and facial expressions. This leads to de-individuation, where a person feels a reduced sense of individuality and a lowering of personal standards of behaviour."
"Explain the Hyperpersonal model by Walther (1996, 2011)."	"The Hyperpersonal model suggests that CMC relationships can involve more self-disclosure, as the process of disclosure happens more quickly than in face-to-face relationships. This makes the CMC relationship more intense and intimate more quickly, but also more likely to end quickly. Anonymity may also accelerate self-disclosure because people feel less accountable for their behaviour."
"How does the absence of gating affect virtual relationships?"	"The absence of gating in virtual relationships refers to the lack of obstacles to the formation and development of a relationship, such as physical unattractiveness, shyness or anxiety. This makes it easier for relationships to begin and quickly become intimate in a virtual setting."
"Define the term 'boom and bust' in the context of virtual relationships."	"'Boom and bust' refers to the idea that computer-mediated communication (CMC) relationships become intense and intimate quickly due to accelerated self-disclosure, but are also more likely to end quickly."
"How does anonymity influence self-disclosure in virtual relationships?"	"Anonymity can accelerate self-disclosure in virtual relationships because people feel less accountable and less embarrassed for their behaviour, making them more comfortable revealing intimate information."
"Describe the concept of 'absence of gating' in online communication."	"Absence of gating refers to the freedom people have in online communication to create personas or avatars that may be quite different from their real lives. This is often seen in online games like 'Second Life'."
"What is the Reduced Cues Theory in the context of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC)?"	"The Reduced Cues Theory suggests that CMC lacks sufficient non-verbal cues, which can lead to misunderstandings. However, it has been argued that there are different types of cues in CMC, such as style and timing of messages, use of exclamation marks and capital letters, emojis, etc."
"How does the hyperpersonal model explain self-disclosure in CMC?"	"The hyperpersonal model suggests that self-disclosure can occur more quickly in CMC because discussions are often direct, involving probing and intimate questions."
"Define 'parasocial relationships'."	"Parasocial relationships are one-sided and unreciprocated. For example, a person may be a huge fan of a celebrity and may have an obsessive crush on them, but the celebrity doesn't even know they exist."
"What are the three levels of parasocial relationships identified by McCutcheon et al (2002)?"	"The three levels are: Entertainment-social, where celebrities are merely sources of entertainment and gossip; Intense-personal, where individuals have intense feelings and thoughts about a celebrity; and Borderline-pathological, characterized by uncontrollable behaviors and fantasies related to a celebrity."
"How does the absence of gating contribute to the success of online relationships according to McKenna and Bargh (2000)?"	"McKenna and Bargh found that romantic relationships that initially formed online were 70% likely to last more than two years, a higher proportion than 'offline' relationships. This suggests that the absence of gating, or the freedom to create online personas, can be a factor in the success of online relationships."
"Describe the 'Intense-personal' level of parasocial relationships."	"The 'Intense-personal' level of parasocial relationships involves a feeling of greater personal involvement with the celebrity. This can include feeling a strong connection to the celebrity and obsessively thinking about them, even to the point of seeing them as a 'soul mate'."
"What is the 'Borderline pathological' level of parasocial relationships?"	"The 'Borderline pathological' level of parasocial relationships involves an intense level of feeling, including fantasising and engaging in extreme behaviours. This can include spending large amounts of money to buy items associated with the celebrity."
"Define the 'Absorption-addiction model' in the context of parasocial relationships."	"The 'Absorption-addiction model', suggested by McCutcheon (2002), proposes that people who form parasocial relationships often do so to compensate for a lack of fulfilment in their own lives. 'Absorption' refers to focusing on a celebrity and becoming pre-occupied with their lives, while 'Addiction' is where a person feels the need to have a closer involvement with the celebrity, which may lead to extreme behaviours."
"How does the 'Attachment theory explanation' relate to parasocial relationships?"	"The 'Attachment theory explanation' suggests that people who form parasocial relationships are more likely to have had difficulties forming attachments in early life. Insecure-resistant individuals are seen as the most likely to form parasocial relationships as these relationships do not carry the risk of rejection."
"What did Maltby (2005) find in his study on parasocial relationships?"	"Maltby (2005) found that teenage girls who reported an intense parasocial relationship with a female celebrity, particularly obsessing about their body shape, were more likely to have a poor personal body image. This supports the suggestion that parasocial relationships are formed by those who are psychologically less well-adjusted."
"Define the term 'Anisogamy'."	"Anisogamy refers to the difference between male and female sex cells."
"Describe the preferred mating strategy of the male, according to sexual selection theory."	"The preferred mating strategy of the male, according to sexual selection theory, includes Intra-sexual Selection."
"What does 'Self-disclosure' mean?"	"Self-disclosure is the term for revealing personal information about oneself."
"Explain the 'Halo Effect'."	"The Halo Effect is the idea that one quality, such as physical attractiveness, makes people think more positively about a person’s other characteristics."
"What is the 'Matching Hypothesis'?"	"The Matching Hypothesis suggests that people tend to form relationships with others of a similar level of attractiveness."
"Who are the proponents of the filter theory of attraction?"	"The filter theory of attraction was developed by Kerckhoff and Davis."
"Define 'equity' in the context of relationships."	"In relationships, 'equity' refers to fairness."
"What is the 'Investment Model' of relationships?"	"The Investment Model of relationships was proposed by Rusbult."
"What is the final phase of Duck’s phase model?"	"The final phase of Duck’s phase model is known as the Grave-Dressing Phase."
"Describe the most intense level of parasocial relationship."	"The most intense level of parasocial relationship is known as Borderline Pathological."

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Describe the concept of self-disclosure in virtual relationships.

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Self-disclosure in virtual relationships refers to revealing personal information about oneself in relationships that take place online, such as through social media. This is a form of computer-mediated communication (CMC).

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[{"id":1592575,"front":"Describe the concept of self-disclosure in virtual relationships.","back":"Self-disclosure in virtual relationships refers to revealing personal information about oneself in relationships that take place online, such as through social media. This is a form of computer-mediated communication (CMC).","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Self-disclosure in virtual relationships is crucial for building trust and intimacy. It involves sharing personal details and emotions online, fostering connection and understanding. This form of communication is a key aspect of maintaining meaningful relationships in the digital age.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592577,"front":"Define the Reduced cues theory by Sproull and Kessler (1986).","back":"The Reduced cues theory suggests that computer-mediated communication (CMC) relationships are less effective than face-to-face relationships due to the absence of non-verbal communication cues such as tone of voice and facial expressions. This leads to de-individuation, where a person feels a reduced sense of individuality and a lowering of personal standards of behaviour.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Reduced cues theory highlights the impact of missing non-verbal cues in computer-mediated communication, affecting relationship quality. This absence can lead to de-individuation, altering behavior and diminishing personal identity. Sproull and Kessler's 1986 theory underscores the significance of non-verbal elements in communication dynamics.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592591,"front":"Explain the Hyperpersonal model by Walther (1996, 2011).","back":"The Hyperpersonal model suggests that CMC relationships can involve more self-disclosure, as the process of disclosure happens more quickly than in face-to-face relationships. This makes the CMC relationship more intense and intimate more quickly, but also more likely to end quickly. Anonymity may also accelerate self-disclosure because people feel less accountable for their behaviour.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Hyperpersonal model by Walther highlights how computer-mediated communication (CMC) can lead to accelerated self-disclosure and intimacy due to reduced inhibitions and increased control over self-presentation. This can create intense relationships that may not be sustainable long-term. Anonymity in CMC can further expedite self-disclosure by diminishing accountability.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592597,"front":"How does the absence of gating affect virtual relationships?","back":"The absence of gating in virtual relationships refers to the lack of obstacles to the formation and development of a relationship, such as physical unattractiveness, shyness or anxiety. This makes it easier for relationships to begin and quickly become intimate in a virtual setting.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The absence of gating in virtual relationships allows individuals to connect more easily without traditional barriers. This can lead to quicker intimacy and deeper connections as people feel more comfortable expressing themselves online. It fosters a more open and immediate bond compared to real-life interactions.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592598,"front":"Define the term 'boom and bust' in the context of virtual relationships.","back":"'Boom and bust' refers to the idea that computer-mediated communication (CMC) relationships become intense and intimate quickly due to accelerated self-disclosure, but are also more likely to end quickly.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"In virtual relationships, the \"boom and bust\" phenomenon occurs due to the rapid development of intimacy through online interactions, often leading to quick escalation and subsequent dissolution of the relationship. This pattern is influenced by the ease of self-disclosure in CMC settings.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592599,"front":"How does anonymity influence self-disclosure in virtual relationships?","back":"Anonymity can accelerate self-disclosure in virtual relationships because people feel less accountable and less embarrassed for their behaviour, making them more comfortable revealing intimate information.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Anonymity in virtual relationships reduces social constraints, allowing individuals to share personal details without fear of judgment. This sense of freedom can lead to quicker and deeper self-disclosure, fostering a stronger connection between individuals online.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592600,"front":"Describe the concept of 'absence of gating' in online communication.","back":"Absence of gating refers to the freedom people have in online communication to create personas or avatars that may be quite different from their real lives. This is often seen in online games like 'Second Life'.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The concept of absence of gating in online communication allows individuals to freely express themselves through personas or avatars, enabling a level of anonymity and creativity not always possible in face-to-face interactions. This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in virtual environments such as online games, where users can explore different aspects of their identity.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592601,"front":"What is the Reduced Cues Theory in the context of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC)?","back":"The Reduced Cues Theory suggests that CMC lacks sufficient non-verbal cues, which can lead to misunderstandings. However, it has been argued that there are different types of cues in CMC, such as style and timing of messages, use of exclamation marks and capital letters, emojis, etc.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Reduced Cues Theory in CMC highlights the impact of limited non-verbal cues on communication. Despite challenges, CMC offers alternative cues like message style, timing, emojis, and formatting that compensate for the absence of traditional cues, influencing interpretation and interaction dynamics.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592602,"front":"How does the hyperpersonal model explain self-disclosure in CMC?","back":"The hyperpersonal model suggests that self-disclosure can occur more quickly in CMC because discussions are often direct, involving probing and intimate questions.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The hyperpersonal model highlights how computer-mediated communication (CMC) can lead to accelerated self-disclosure due to the nature of interactions being more focused, personal, and involving deeper questions, fostering a sense of intimacy and connection between individuals.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592603,"front":"Define 'parasocial relationships'.","back":"Parasocial relationships are one-sided and unreciprocated. For example, a person may be a huge fan of a celebrity and may have an obsessive crush on them, but the celebrity doesn't even know they exist.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Parasocial relationships are common in today's digital age due to social media, where individuals can feel a deep connection to public figures or influencers. These relationships can provide a sense of belonging and intimacy, despite being one-sided and lacking true interaction.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592604,"front":"What are the three levels of parasocial relationships identified by McCutcheon et al (2002)?","back":"The three levels are: Entertainment-social, where celebrities are merely sources of entertainment and gossip; Intense-personal, where individuals have intense feelings and thoughts about a celebrity; and Borderline-pathological, characterized by uncontrollable behaviors and fantasies related to a celebrity.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Parasocial relationships can range from casual interest to intense fixation. McCutcheon et al (2002) categorized these relationships into three levels based on the depth of emotional involvement individuals have with celebrities. Understanding these levels helps in studying the impact of media figures on individuals' lives.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592605,"front":"How does the absence of gating contribute to the success of online relationships according to McKenna and Bargh (2000)?","back":"McKenna and Bargh found that romantic relationships that initially formed online were 70% likely to last more than two years, a higher proportion than 'offline' relationships. This suggests that the absence of gating, or the freedom to create online personas, can be a factor in the success of online relationships.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"McKenna and Bargh (2000) suggest that the absence of gating in online relationships allows individuals to present idealized versions of themselves, fostering deeper connections. This freedom to construct personas may lead to more successful and enduring relationships compared to traditional offline interactions.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592606,"front":"Describe the 'Intense-personal' level of parasocial relationships.","back":"The 'Intense-personal' level of parasocial relationships involves a feeling of greater personal involvement with the celebrity. This can include feeling a strong connection to the celebrity and obsessively thinking about them, even to the point of seeing them as a 'soul mate'.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The 'Intense-personal' level of parasocial relationships signifies a deep emotional bond where individuals perceive a profound connection with the celebrity, sometimes viewing them as a significant part of their lives. This level often involves intense feelings of attachment and a sense of personal closeness to the celebrity.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592607,"front":"What is the 'Borderline pathological' level of parasocial relationships?","back":"The 'Borderline pathological' level of parasocial relationships involves an intense level of feeling, including fantasising and engaging in extreme behaviours. This can include spending large amounts of money to buy items associated with the celebrity.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The 'Borderline pathological' level of parasocial relationships is characterized by an intense emotional attachment to a celebrity or public figure. Individuals at this level may engage in excessive fantasizing and exhibit extreme behaviors, such as spending significant amounts of money on celebrity-related items. This level of attachment goes beyond normal admiration and can have negative consequences on one's well-being and relationships.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592608,"front":"Define the 'Absorption-addiction model' in the context of parasocial relationships.","back":"The 'Absorption-addiction model', suggested by McCutcheon (2002), proposes that people who form parasocial relationships often do so to compensate for a lack of fulfilment in their own lives. 'Absorption' refers to focusing on a celebrity and becoming pre-occupied with their lives, while 'Addiction' is where a person feels the need to have a closer involvement with the celebrity, which may lead to extreme behaviours.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Absorption-addiction model suggests that individuals may engage in parasocial relationships as a way to fill voids in their own lives. This model highlights how individuals can become overly fixated on a celebrity (absorption) and develop a strong desire for a deeper connection with them (addiction), potentially resulting in extreme behaviors.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592609,"front":"How does the 'Attachment theory explanation' relate to parasocial relationships?","back":"The 'Attachment theory explanation' suggests that people who form parasocial relationships are more likely to have had difficulties forming attachments in early life. Insecure-resistant individuals are seen as the most likely to form parasocial relationships as these relationships do not carry the risk of rejection.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Attachment theory posits that early attachment experiences influence later relationships. Insecure-resistant attachment style may lead to seeking connections through parasocial relationships. These one-sided bonds offer comfort without fear of rejection, appealing to those with attachment insecurities.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592611,"front":"What did Maltby (2005) find in his study on parasocial relationships?","back":"Maltby (2005) found that teenage girls who reported an intense parasocial relationship with a female celebrity, particularly obsessing about their body shape, were more likely to have a poor personal body image. This supports the suggestion that parasocial relationships are formed by those who are psychologically less well-adjusted.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Maltby's study highlights the impact of parasocial relationships on body image in teenage girls. It suggests that those with intense connections to celebrities may struggle with their own body image, indicating a link between parasocial relationships and psychological well-being.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592613,"front":"Define the term 'Anisogamy'.","back":"Anisogamy refers to the difference between male and female sex cells.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Anisogamy is a fundamental concept in reproductive biology, highlighting the contrast in size and motility between male and female gametes. This distinction is crucial for understanding sexual reproduction across various species and the evolutionary implications of such differences.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592616,"front":"Describe the preferred mating strategy of the male, according to sexual selection theory.","back":"The preferred mating strategy of the male, according to sexual selection theory, includes Intra-sexual Selection.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Intra-sexual selection involves competition between males for access to females. This strategy focuses on outcompeting other males through displays of strength, aggression, or other competitive behaviors to increase mating opportunities. It is a common approach in species where males directly compete for access to females.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592618,"front":"What does 'Self-disclosure' mean?","back":"Self-disclosure is the term for revealing personal information about oneself.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Self-disclosure is a crucial aspect of building trust and intimacy in relationships. It involves sharing thoughts, feelings, and experiences with others, leading to deeper connections. Effective self-disclosure requires a balance between openness and discretion to maintain healthy boundaries.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592621,"front":"Explain the 'Halo Effect'.","back":"The Halo Effect is the idea that one quality, such as physical attractiveness, makes people think more positively about a person’s other characteristics.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Halo Effect influences perceptions beyond physical attractiveness, affecting judgments on intelligence, competence, and other traits. It showcases the cognitive bias where one positive trait colors overall impressions, impacting social interactions and decision-making.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592624,"front":"What is the 'Matching Hypothesis'?","back":"The Matching Hypothesis suggests that people tend to form relationships with others of a similar level of attractiveness.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Matching Hypothesis proposes that individuals are inclined to choose partners who are comparable in attractiveness, indicating a tendency towards seeking relationships with those perceived to be on a similar level of physical appeal. This concept plays a role in mate selection and relationship formation.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592627,"front":"Who are the proponents of the filter theory of attraction?","back":"The filter theory of attraction was developed by Kerckhoff and Davis.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Kerckhoff and Davis are credited with developing the filter theory of attraction, which suggests that individuals filter potential romantic partners based on factors like social background, attitudes, and interests to determine compatibility. Their work has influenced research on relationship formation and maintenance.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592629,"front":"Define 'equity' in the context of relationships.","back":"In relationships, 'equity' refers to fairness.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Equity in relationships involves ensuring fairness and balance in the give-and-take dynamic between individuals. It focuses on equal distribution of responsibilities, benefits, and efforts to maintain a sense of justice and harmony within the relationship.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592631,"front":"What is the 'Investment Model' of relationships?","back":"The Investment Model of relationships was proposed by Rusbult.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Investment Model of relationships, introduced by Rusbult, emphasizes the importance of factors like commitment, satisfaction, and investments in determining the stability and longevity of relationships. It suggests that these elements influence individuals' decisions to stay in or leave a relationship.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592633,"front":"What is the final phase of Duck’s phase model?","back":"The final phase of Duck’s phase model is known as the Grave-Dressing Phase.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The Grave-Dressing Phase in Duck's phase model involves individuals creating a narrative to make sense of the relationship's end. This phase focuses on preserving self-esteem and moving forward by constructing a story that helps in accepting the breakup. It allows individuals to reflect on the relationship and find closure.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":1592634,"front":"Describe the most intense level of parasocial relationship.","back":"The most intense level of parasocial relationship is known as Borderline Pathological.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The most intense level of parasocial relationship is referred to as Borderline Pathological. This level is characterized by an excessive and unhealthy attachment to a media figure, where the individual may have difficulty distinguishing between reality and the fantasy relationship they have created. This level of parasocial relationship can lead to obsessive thoughts, emotional dependency, and a disruption in daily functioning.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bcOoC","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}}]

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