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Period 3

A-Level AQA Chemistry

This flashcard pack provides an overview of chemical reactions involving metal and non-metal oxides with water, their resulting pH levels, and definitions and characteristics of different oxides such as ionic, macromolecular, simple molecular, and amphoteric oxides.

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"Describe the reaction of sodium with water."	"Sodium reacts with cold water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas."
"Define ionic oxides."	"Ionic oxides are metal oxides that have high melting points and ionic giant lattice structures."
"How are macromolecular oxides different from ionic oxides?"	"Macromolecular oxides, like SiO, have many strong covalent bonds between atoms, while ionic oxides have strong forces of attraction between ions."
"What type of oxides are P4O10 and SO2?"	"P4O10 and SO2 are simple molecular oxides with weak intermolecular forces between molecules."
"What is the pH of Mg(OH)2 when it reacts with water?"	"MgO (s) + H2O (I) -> Mg(OH)2 (s) pH 9"
"What type of oxides do not dissolve in water?"	"Al2O3 and SiO2"
"Define amphoteric oxides."	"Oxides that can act as both an acid and an alkali"
"What is the pH of H2SO3 when it reacts with water?"	"SO2 (g) + H2O (I) -> H2SO3 (aq) pH 3"
"What is the pH of H2SO4 when it reacts with water?"	"SO3 (g) + H2O (I) -> H2SO4 (aq) pH 0"
"Describe the reaction between NaO and HCl."	"NaO (s) + 2 HCI (aq) -> 2NaCI (aq) + H2O (I)"

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Describe the reaction of sodium with water.

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Sodium reacts with cold water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

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[{"id":978266,"front":"Describe the reaction of sodium with water.","back":"Sodium reacts with cold water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Sodium is a highly reactive metal that reacts vigorously with water. This reaction is exothermic, releasing a large amount of heat. The sodium atoms lose an electron to form sodium ions, which then react with water molecules to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas is released as bubbles, while the sodium hydroxide dissolves in the water to form a solution. This reaction is often used as a demonstration of the reactivity of alkali metals with water.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978273,"front":"Define ionic oxides.","back":"Ionic oxides are metal oxides that have high melting points and ionic giant lattice structures.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Ionic oxides are formed when a metal reacts with oxygen. They have high melting points due to the strong electrostatic forces between the positively charged metal ions and negatively charged oxide ions. The ionic giant lattice structure refers to the arrangement of ions in a repeating pattern, which contributes to the stability and rigidity of the oxide.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978276,"front":"How are macromolecular oxides different from ionic oxides?","back":"Macromolecular oxides, like SiO, have many strong covalent bonds between atoms, while ionic oxides have strong forces of attraction between ions.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Macromolecular oxides consist of covalent bonds between atoms, creating a network structure, while ionic oxides are formed by the attraction between positively and negatively charged ions. This fundamental difference in bonding leads to distinct properties and behaviors in these types of oxides.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978277,"front":"What type of oxides are P4O10 and SO2?","back":"P4O10 and SO2 are simple molecular oxides with weak intermolecular forces between molecules.","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"P4O10 and SO2 are classified as simple molecular oxides due to their molecular structure and the weak intermolecular forces present between their molecules. This classification is based on their composition and behavior in chemical reactions.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978281,"front":"What is the pH of Mg(OH)2 when it reacts with water?","back":"MgO (s) + H2O (I) -> Mg(OH)2 (s) pH 9","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"When Mg(OH)2 reacts with water, it forms Mg(OH)2 (s) and releases hydroxide ions (OH-) into the solution. The presence of hydroxide ions increases the concentration of OH- in the solution, making it basic. pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, and a higher concentration of OH- ions leads to a lower concentration of H+ ions. Therefore, the pH of the solution increases, indicating that it becomes more basic.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978283,"front":"What type of oxides do not dissolve in water?","back":"Al2O3 and SiO2","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Al2O3 and SiO2 are examples of oxides that do not dissolve in water. This is because they have strong ionic or covalent bonds, which make them insoluble in water. These oxides form a stable network structure, preventing them from dissociating into ions and dissolving in water.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978284,"front":"Define amphoteric oxides.","back":"Oxides that can act as both an acid and an alkali","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"Amphoteric oxides are unique compounds that exhibit both acidic and basic properties. This means they can react with both acids and bases. This behavior is due to their ability to donate or accept protons, allowing them to act as either an acid or an alkali depending on the reaction conditions. Examples of amphoteric oxides include aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO).","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978289,"front":"What is the pH of H2SO3 when it reacts with water?","back":"SO2 (g) + H2O (I) -> H2SO3 (aq) pH 3","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"When H2SO3 reacts with water, it forms H2SO3 (aq), which is an acidic solution. The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, with values below 7 indicating acidity. Therefore, the pH of H2SO3 when it reacts with water is 3, indicating that it is acidic.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978292,"front":"What is the pH of H2SO4 when it reacts with water?","back":"SO3 (g) + H2O (I) -> H2SO4 (aq) pH 0","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"When H2SO4 reacts with water, it forms H3O+ and HSO4- ions. The concentration of H3O+ ions determines the pH of the solution. Since H2SO4 is a strong acid, it completely dissociates in water, resulting in a high concentration of H3O+ ions. This high concentration of H3O+ ions leads to a low pH value, which is 0 in this case.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}},{"id":978294,"front":"Describe the reaction between NaO and HCl.","back":"NaO (s) + 2 HCI (aq) -> 2NaCI (aq) + H2O (I)","front_language":"English","back_language":"English","front_image":"","back_image":"","order":0,"explanation":"The reaction between NaO and HCl is a double displacement reaction, also known as a neutralization reaction. In this reaction, the sodium oxide (NaO) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O). This reaction occurs because the sodium ion (Na+) from NaO replaces the hydrogen ion (H+) from HCl, resulting in the formation of NaCl and H2O.","deleted_at":null,"flashcard_deck_id":"bHFst","original_id":null,"examMode":{"text":"","correct":"","incorrect":"","info":""}}]

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